Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

+6
spanky
Die Borussen
Casciavit
Highburied
goonbrain
Arquitecto
10 posters

Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Arquitecto Sun Mar 24, 2013 1:00 am

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  130321151921
Light propagating through a metamaterial follows a curved trajectory that drags light with different circular polarization in opposite transverse directions to produce a giant photonic Spin Hall effect. (Credit: Image courtesy of DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

Mar. 21, 2013 — Researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have once again demonstrated the incredible capabilities of metamaterials -- artificial nanoconstructs whose optical properties arise from their physical structure rather than their chemical composition. Engineering a unique two-dimensional sheet of gold nanoantennas, the researchers were able to obtain the strongest signal yet of the photonic spin Hall effect, an optical phenomenon of quantum mechanics that could play a prominent role in the future of computing.


"With metamaterial, we were able to greatly enhance a naturally weak effect to the point where it was directly observable with simple detection techniques," said Xiang Zhang, a faculty scientist with Berkeley Lab's Materials Sciences Division who led this research. "We also demonstrated that metamaterials not only allow us to control the propagation of light but also allows control of circular polarization. This could have profound consequences for information encoding and processing."
The spin Hall effect, named in honor of physicist Edwin Hall, describes the curved path that spinning electrons follow as they move through a semiconductor. The curved movement arises from the interaction between the physical motion of the electron and its spin -- a quantized angular momentum that gives rise to magnetic moment. Think of a baseball pitcher putting spin on a ball to make it curve to the left or right.
"Light moving through a metal also displays the spin Hall effect but the photonic spin Hall effect is very weak because the spin angular momentum of photons and spin-orbit interactions are very small," says Xiaobo Yin, a member of Zhang's research group and the lead author of the Science paper. "In the past, people have managed to observe the photonic spin Hall effect by generating the process over and over again to obtain an accumulative signal, or by using highly sophisticated quantum measurements. Our metamaterial makes the photonic spin Hall effect observable even with a simple camera."
Metamaterials have garnered a lot of attention in recent years because their unique structure affords electromagnetic properties unattainable in nature. For example, a metamaterial can have a negative index of refraction, the ability to bend light backwards, unlike all materials found in nature, which bend light forward. Zhang, who holds the Ernest S. Kuh Endowed Chair Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of California (UC) Berkeley, where he also directs the National Science Foundation's Nano-scale Science and Engineering Center, has been at the forefront of metamaterials research. For this study, he and his group fashioned metamaterial surfaces about 30 nanometers thick (a human hair by comparison is between 50,000 and 100,000 nanometers thick). These metasurfaces were constructed from V-shaped gold nanoantennas whose geometry could be configured by adjusting the length and orientation of the arms of the Vs.
"We chose eight different antenna configurations with optimized geometry parameters to generate a linear phase gradient along the x direction," says Yin. "This enabled us to control the propagation of the light and introduce strong photon spin-orbit interactions through rapid changes in direction. The photonic spin Hall effect depends on the curvature of the light's trajectory, so the sharper the change in propagation direction, the stronger the effect."
Since the entire metasurface sample measured only 0.3 millimeters, a 50-millimeter lens was used to project the transmission of the light through the metamaterial onto a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera for imaging. From the CCD images, the researchers determined that both the control of light propagation and the giant photonic spin Hall effect were the direct results of the designed meta-material. This finding opens up a wealth of possibilities for new technologies.
"The controllable spin-orbit interaction and momentum transfer between spin and orbital angular momentum allows us to manipulate the information encoded on the polarization of light, much like the 0 and 1 of today's electronic devices," Yin says. "But photonic devices could encode more information and provide greater information security than conventional electronic devices."
Yin says the ability to control left and right circular polarization of light in metamaterial surfaces should allow for the formation of optical elements, like highly coveted "flat lenses," or the management of light polarization without using wave plates.
"Metamaterials provide us with tremendous design freedom that will allow us to modulate the strength of the photonic spin Hall effect at different spatial locations," Yin says. "We knew the photonic spin Hall effect existed in nature but it was so hard to detect. Now, with the right metamaterials we can not only enhance this effect we can harness it for our own purposes."


Since my Uni. field pretty much focuses on Nano-Quantam/Theo phys. a prospect laid upon our field such as this is equivalent to discovering the electron in cathode rays in his CRT or Maxwell with his wheel for conservation of energy. Simply put, if usage of Quantam computers will go far beyond the spinhall and with the more popular (funded) research of meta-materials, it will be mind-numbing to observe on the countless & delicious observations we can make through such a tool. In our campus, we use a nano-metre imaging scale in which we use to polarize (κ > √εrµr) chiral metamaterials that also exploit surface plasmons which are produced from the interaction of light with metal-dielectric materials and essentially apply a simple negative refractive index to transform metamaterial cloaking in celestial mechanical quantam polaritons in order to duplicate the original imaging scale, originally produced by the spinhall itself. It takes a great deal of formulae and a ridiculously complicated magnetic permeability (negative) just to even acoustically record the tetrahertz. If this project is further developed, double positive mediums to acquire bandgap oscillations and quantam sources, will be more efficiently sourced and observed by a quantam fold! So as snell stated "1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2" will just be propagated by a chenkov simplification formulae, like "1sinθ1" into anti-parallel phase velocities using a poynting vector. Its enough to make one sleepless from the mere thought of acquiring research into a digital (quantam hmm ) observation conductive which can be planned out JUST by spatial resolutions!

There is a god Proud
Arquitecto
Arquitecto
World Class Contributor
World Class Contributor

Club Supported : Liverpool
Posts : 12675
Join date : 2011-06-05

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by goonbrain Sun Mar 24, 2013 7:05 am

Arquitecto wrote:Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  130321151921
Light propagating through a metamaterial follows a curved trajectory that drags light with different circular polarization in opposite transverse directions to produce a giant photonic Spin Hall effect. (Credit: Image courtesy of DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

Mar. 21, 2013 — Researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)'s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have once again demonstrated the incredible capabilities of metamaterials -- artificial nanoconstructs whose optical properties arise from their physical structure rather than their chemical composition. Engineering a unique two-dimensional sheet of gold nanoantennas, the researchers were able to obtain the strongest signal yet of the photonic spin Hall effect, an optical phenomenon of quantum mechanics that could play a prominent role in the future of computing.


"With metamaterial, we were able to greatly enhance a naturally weak effect to the point where it was directly observable with simple detection techniques," said Xiang Zhang, a faculty scientist with Berkeley Lab's Materials Sciences Division who led this research. "We also demonstrated that metamaterials not only allow us to control the propagation of light but also allows control of circular polarization. This could have profound consequences for information encoding and processing."
The spin Hall effect, named in honor of physicist Edwin Hall, describes the curved path that spinning electrons follow as they move through a semiconductor. The curved movement arises from the interaction between the physical motion of the electron and its spin -- a quantized angular momentum that gives rise to magnetic moment. Think of a baseball pitcher putting spin on a ball to make it curve to the left or right.
"Light moving through a metal also displays the spin Hall effect but the photonic spin Hall effect is very weak because the spin angular momentum of photons and spin-orbit interactions are very small," says Xiaobo Yin, a member of Zhang's research group and the lead author of the Science paper. "In the past, people have managed to observe the photonic spin Hall effect by generating the process over and over again to obtain an accumulative signal, or by using highly sophisticated quantum measurements. Our metamaterial makes the photonic spin Hall effect observable even with a simple camera."
Metamaterials have garnered a lot of attention in recent years because their unique structure affords electromagnetic properties unattainable in nature. For example, a metamaterial can have a negative index of refraction, the ability to bend light backwards, unlike all materials found in nature, which bend light forward. Zhang, who holds the Ernest S. Kuh Endowed Chair Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of California (UC) Berkeley, where he also directs the National Science Foundation's Nano-scale Science and Engineering Center, has been at the forefront of metamaterials research. For this study, he and his group fashioned metamaterial surfaces about 30 nanometers thick (a human hair by comparison is between 50,000 and 100,000 nanometers thick). These metasurfaces were constructed from V-shaped gold nanoantennas whose geometry could be configured by adjusting the length and orientation of the arms of the Vs.
"We chose eight different antenna configurations with optimized geometry parameters to generate a linear phase gradient along the x direction," says Yin. "This enabled us to control the propagation of the light and introduce strong photon spin-orbit interactions through rapid changes in direction. The photonic spin Hall effect depends on the curvature of the light's trajectory, so the sharper the change in propagation direction, the stronger the effect."
Since the entire metasurface sample measured only 0.3 millimeters, a 50-millimeter lens was used to project the transmission of the light through the metamaterial onto a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera for imaging. From the CCD images, the researchers determined that both the control of light propagation and the giant photonic spin Hall effect were the direct results of the designed meta-material. This finding opens up a wealth of possibilities for new technologies.
"The controllable spin-orbit interaction and momentum transfer between spin and orbital angular momentum allows us to manipulate the information encoded on the polarization of light, much like the 0 and 1 of today's electronic devices," Yin says. "But photonic devices could encode more information and provide greater information security than conventional electronic devices."
Yin says the ability to control left and right circular polarization of light in metamaterial surfaces should allow for the formation of optical elements, like highly coveted "flat lenses," or the management of light polarization without using wave plates.
"Metamaterials provide us with tremendous design freedom that will allow us to modulate the strength of the photonic spin Hall effect at different spatial locations," Yin says. "We knew the photonic spin Hall effect existed in nature but it was so hard to detect. Now, with the right metamaterials we can not only enhance this effect we can harness it for our own purposes."


Since my Uni. field pretty much focuses on Nano-Quantam/Theo phys. a prospect laid upon our field such as this is equivalent to discovering the electron in cathode rays in his CRT or Maxwell with his wheel for conservation of energy. Simply put, if usage of Quantam computers will go far beyond the spinhall and with the more popular (funded) research of meta-materials, it will be mind-numbing to observe on the countless & delicious observations we can make through such a tool. In our campus, we use a nano-metre imaging scale in which we use to polarize (κ > √εrµr) chiral metamaterials that also exploit surface plasmons which are produced from the interaction of light with metal-dielectric materials and essentially apply a simple negative refractive index to transform metamaterial cloaking in celestial mechanical quantam polaritons in order to duplicate the original imaging scale, originally produced by the spinhall itself. It takes a great deal of formulae and a ridiculously complicated magnetic permeability (negative) just to even acoustically record the tetrahertz. If this project is further developed, double positive mediums to acquire bandgap oscillations and quantam sources, will be more efficiently sourced and observed by a quantam fold! So as snell stated "1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2" will just be propagated by a chenkov simplification formulae, like "1sinθ1" into anti-parallel phase velocities using a poynting vector. Its enough to make one sleepless from the mere thought of acquiring research into a digital (quantam hmm ) observation conductive which can be planned out JUST by spatial resolutions!

There is a god Proud

Could only make out that last part Embarassed
goonbrain
goonbrain
Starlet
Starlet

Club Supported : Arsenal
Posts : 580
Join date : 2011-08-26

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Highburied Sun Mar 24, 2013 9:27 am

Arq

Speak english ffs!

A couple paragraphs for dummies please?
Highburied
Highburied
Banned (Permanent)

Club Supported : Arsenal
Posts : 2630
Join date : 2011-06-06
Age : 42

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Casciavit Sun Mar 24, 2013 12:06 pm

scratch
Casciavit
Casciavit
Fan Favorite
Fan Favorite

Club Supported : AC Milan
Posts : 9520
Join date : 2012-08-05

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Die Borussen Sun Mar 24, 2013 12:10 pm

how soon? will we be alive? thats the point

Die Borussen
Banned (Permanent)

Club Supported : Sao Paulo
Posts : 3442
Join date : 2012-01-17

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by spanky Sun Mar 24, 2013 7:41 pm

arq: arent u a doctor?
spanky
spanky
First Team
First Team

Club Supported : Barcelona
Posts : 1442
Join date : 2011-06-05
Age : 34

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Arquitecto Tue Mar 26, 2013 11:55 pm

highburied wrote:Arq

Speak english ffs!

A couple paragraphs for dummies please?

No if you do not comprehend most of this it doesn't reflect on your intelligence. I myself am not very intelligent, but blessed within my life to have the fortune to pursue studies.

Basically, through this quantam computing machine, it will render spatial resolutions in multiple compressions and very flexible in use of its tools. Metamaterials is the main processor to allocate and integrate quantam mechanical matter in visual representations along with all the metamaterial variances. It leaves 1000s of possibilities in which the quantam field research can be updated by a very efficient tool which spares us of all the calculations.


Die Borussen wrote:how soon? will we be alive? thats the point

That is the point Ninis. This quantam system can be released as early by the end of this year in his fully interactive blueprint to which can be distributed to universities including mine. A very exciting prospect.

spanky wrote:arq: arent u a doctor?

I am of your age Spanky. I am nowhere near a Dr. and nor do I have the capability to be one.


OT: Isn't anyone else interesting in such a prospect and breakthrough? I expected more excitement and buzz in regards to what is a very enticing project.
Arquitecto
Arquitecto
World Class Contributor
World Class Contributor

Club Supported : Liverpool
Posts : 12675
Join date : 2011-06-05

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Highburied Sat Mar 30, 2013 9:00 am

OK

Im excited :coffee:
Highburied
Highburied
Banned (Permanent)

Club Supported : Arsenal
Posts : 2630
Join date : 2011-06-06
Age : 42

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Babun Sun Mar 31, 2013 10:32 pm

Arq :bow:
That's a super exciting development. Is there a raw estimation how many logical circuits would be possible on say 1cm³ ? hmm
P.S. I still like the idea of DNA computing much more exciting:
http://www.livescience.com/28273-biological-computers-possible-using-dna.html
What a Face
Babun
Babun
Fan Favorite
Fan Favorite

Club Supported : Real Madrid
Posts : 7221
Join date : 2011-06-05

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Arquitecto Tue Apr 02, 2013 4:43 pm

Babun wrote:Arq :bow:
That's a super exciting development. Is there a raw estimation how many logical circuits would be possible on say 1cm³ ? hmm
P.S. I still like the idea of DNA computing much more exciting:
http://www.livescience.com/28273-biological-computers-possible-using-dna.html
What a Face

Fantastic question Babun.

In order to measure such a matrice, we'll have to delve in Quantam gates since Logical circuits (gates) are too minute. Normal quantam gates can be can be described approx. by 2 × 2 or 4 × 4 unitary matrices. So if we go by universal Quantam gates in to which any operation operatable on a quantum computer can be reduced, then we'll have to express a unitary operation in which can be expressed as finite sequences of circuits from the set itself (Theoretically, this is impossible since the number of possible quantum gates is uncountable). So in essence, these Quantam computers will be using a cumbersome, but effective Solovay–Kitaev theorem to process the quantam gates which would equate to around to (γ = 1/2 -ε - δ.[excluding the chernoff]) a number of gates required for precision ϵ is only polynomial in log 1/ϵ. So until these metamaterials aren't processed into the system, it is impossible to count how many in your given measurement of 1cm³

DNA computing? I'd be out of my depth there in the meticulous calculations required to process all the bacteriophage but this article in interesting as it can go beyond just processing and maybe use nano-processed amplifications to do the dirty work? Sounds interesting. Great find.
Arquitecto
Arquitecto
World Class Contributor
World Class Contributor

Club Supported : Liverpool
Posts : 12675
Join date : 2011-06-05

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Arquitecto Mon May 13, 2013 8:06 pm

Graphene Joins the Race to Redefine the Ampere
May 12, 2013 — A new joint innovation by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) and the University of Cambridge could pave the way for redefining the ampere in terms of fundamental constants of physics. The world's first graphene single-electron pump (SEP), described in a paper today in Nature Nanotechnology, provides the speed of electron flow needed to create a new standard for electrical current based on electron charge.
The international system of units (SI) comprises seven base units (the metre, kilogram, second, Kelvin, ampere, mole and candela). Ideally these should be stable over time and universally reproducible. This requires definitions based on fundamental constants of nature which are the same wherever you measure them.
The present definition of the Ampere, however, is vulnerable to drift and instability. This is not sufficient to meet the accuracy needs of present and certainly future electrical measurement. The highest global measurement authority, the Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures, has proposed that the ampere be re-defined in terms of the electron charge.
The frontrunner in this race to redefine the ampere is the single-electron pump (SEP). SEPs create a flow of individual electrons by shuttling them in to a quantum dot -- a particle holding pen -- and emitting them one at a time and at a well-defined rate. The paper published today describes how a graphene SEP has been successfully produced and characterised for the first time, and confirms its properties are extremely well suited to this application.
A good SEP pumps precisely one electron at a time to ensure accuracy, and pumps them quickly to generate a sufficiently large current. Up to now the development of a practical electron pump has been a two-horse race. Tuneable barrier pumps use traditional semiconductors and have the advantage of speed, while the hybrid turnstile utilises superconductivity and has the advantage that many can be put in parallel. Traditional metallic pumps, thought to be not worth pursuing, have been given a new lease of life by fabricating them out of the world's most famous super-material -- graphene.
Previous metallic SEPs made of aluminium are very accurate, but pump electrons too slowly for making a practical current standard. Graphene's unique semimetallic two-dimensional structure has just the right properties to let electrons on and off the quantum dot very quickly, creating a fast enough electron flow -- at near gigahertz frequency -- to create a current standard. The Achillies heel of metallic pumps, slow pumping speed, has thus been overcome by exploiting the unique properties of graphene.
The scientist at NPL and Cambridge still need to optimise the material and make more accurate measurements, but today's paper marks a major step forward in the road towards using graphene to redefine the ampere.
The realisation of the ampere is currently derived indirectly from resistance or voltage, which can be realised separately using the quantum Hall effect and the Josephson Effect. A fundamental definition of the ampere would allow a direct realisation that National Measurement Institutes around the world could adopt. This would shorten the chain for calibrating current-measuring equipment, saving time and money for industries billing for electricity and using ionising radiation for cancer treatment.
Current, voltage and resistance are directly correlated. Because we measure resistance and voltage based on fundamental constants -- electron charge and Planck's constant -- being able to measure current would also allow us to confirm the universality of these constants on which many precise measurements rely.
Graphene is not the last word in creating an ampere standard. NPL and others are investigating various methods of defining current based on electron charge. But today's paper suggests graphene SEPs could hold the answer. Also, any redefinition will have to wait until the Kilogram has been redefined. This definition, due to be decided soon, will fix the value of electronic charge, on which any electron-based definition of the ampere will depend.
Today's paper will also have important implications beyond measurement. Accurate SEPs operating at high frequency and accuracy can be used to make electrons collide and form entangled electron pairs. Entanglement is believed to be a fundamental resource for quantum computing, and for answering fundamental questions in quantum mechanics.
Malcolm Connolly, a research associate based in the Semiconductor Physics group at Cambridge, says: "This paper describes how we have successfully produced the first graphene single-electron pump. We have work to do before we can use this research to redefine the ampere, but this is a major step towards that goal. We have shown that graphene outperforms other materials used to make this style of SEP. It is robust, easier to produce, and operates at higher frequency. Graphene is constantly revealing exciting new applications and as our understanding of the material advances rapidly, we seem able to do more and more with it."

Chaka

Such an allotrope can be used to 3-dimensional proportions. I mean I can't even begin to imagine the possibilities of not only use but its rendering calculations!

I mean Graphene will most likely be used to tell say.. when it will rain on mars!

Arquitecto
Arquitecto
World Class Contributor
World Class Contributor

Club Supported : Liverpool
Posts : 12675
Join date : 2011-06-05

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by BarrileteCosmico Thu May 16, 2013 7:26 pm

http://googleresearch.blogspot.co.uk/2013/05/launching-quantum-artificial.html
BarrileteCosmico
BarrileteCosmico
Admin
Admin

Club Supported : Barcelona
Posts : 28387
Join date : 2011-06-05
Age : 34

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by spanky Thu May 16, 2013 8:13 pm

arq: the reason why no one is so excited about this is because optics are very hard for even physicists and engineers to understand. like in college i ran into all those effects you mentioned in the first article and i think that 90% of the people in the course classes had no idea what was being lectured. even i find it hard understanding the way electric fields of light propagate because its simply abstract to me as an engineer that light even has its own electric field.

anyways i think that we can all say electronics have revolutionized the world in the past 50 years, but i think we can all agree that if this quantum computer does succeed then optics will surely be the new revolutionary technology of our era; in fact its hard to say that it isnt already with optical fibre cables surely setting a huge milestone.

spanky
spanky
First Team
First Team

Club Supported : Barcelona
Posts : 1442
Join date : 2011-06-05
Age : 34

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Arquitecto Sat May 10, 2014 12:08 am

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  140508095452-large

Attosecond Physics Division wrote:Illustration of the directional proton emission in acetylene with a specific laser waveform. The superposition of vibrational modes, which are responsible for the selective bond breaking, results from a combination of laser excitation of the anti-symmetric CH stretching mode and excitation of the symmetric CH stretching mode through ionization steps. The ionization steps are indicated by a change in colour from green (neutral) over yellow (cation) to orange (dication).

Attasecond Physics Division wrote:chemical bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms are amongst the strongest in nature and their selective breaking, in particular in symmetric molecules, is of interest to chemical synthesis and the development of new biologically active molecules. An international team of scientists has now demonstrated that ultrashort light pulses with perfectly controlled waveforms can selectively break C-H bonds in acetylene ions. The researchers demonstrated that a suitable choice of the laser-pulse waveform leads to breaking of the C-H bond on the left (or right) side of the symmetric H-C≡C-H molecule. The scientists propose that their results can be understood by a new quantum control mechanism based on light induced vibration.


Hydrocarbons play an important role in organic chemistry, combustion, and catalysis. Selective breaking of C-H-bonds, can further enable novel synthesis of molecular species with new functionalities and applications in medicine. Until now a method for breaking C-H bonds selectively in symmetric hydrocarbons did not exist. Prof. Ali Alnaser (American University of Sharjah, UAE), who spent his sabbatical in the division of Prof. Ferenc Krausz at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) as part of the collaboration between MPQ, the King Saud University (KSU), and the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich (LMU), and a team of physicists led by Prof. Matthias Kling (LMU) used ultrashort laser pulses to solve this problem. An important ingredient in making the experiments successful was the use of a high repetition rate laser system with ten thousand pulses per second in the group of Prof. Ulf Kleineberg (LMU), whereby the measuring times could be reduced compared to so far available systems. Mechanistic insight into how the laser light interacts with the molecules is provided by a theoretical model developed in the group of Prof. Regina de Vivie-Riedle (LMU).
For their experimental studies, the researchers used acetylene (C2H2): In this molecule the two carbon atoms are strongly bound by three electron pairs, while the hydrogen atoms symmetrically terminate the linear molecule on both ends. The scientists exposed a supersonic jet of C2H2 molecules inside a so called reaction microscope to ultrashort laser pulses with duration of only 4 fs (1 fs = 10-15 seconds). These pulses, generated in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics of Prof. Ferenc Krausz (MPQ, LMU), have infrared wavelengths and consist of only a few cycles. The waveform of the light waves was precisely measured for each laser shot interacting with the molecules. "As a result of the interaction with the light wave, the molecule fragments after its double ionization into a positively charged C2H+ ion and a proton, which are both detected with the reaction microscope.," says Prof. Ali Alnaser. Since acetylene is a symmetric molecule, the C-H bonds on both sides of the molecule typically break with equal probability. In their experiment however, the scientists found that the laser waveform provides a means to increase the probability that the left versus the right C-H bond breaks and vice versa.
Quantum dynamical simulations show the nature of the laser-molecule interaction. "The already known scheme, where molecular reactions are controlled by electron dynamics prepared with the light waveform via laser-induced coupling of electronic states, does not work in this case. We discovered a new quantum control pathway.," Prof. de Vivie-Riedle explains. According to her new model, the few cycle laser pulse initially excites a subset of vibrations of the molecule that are laser-active. One of these vibrations is the anti-symmetric stretching mode, where one CH bond is elongated while the other is shortened. When the laser pulse reaches its peak electric field, it removes an electron from the triple-bond of the CC group (the molecule ionizes). By this process additionally laser-inactive vibrational modes are populated. Among those modes is the symmetric CH stretching mode, where both H atoms move synchronously towards or away from the CC group. In the remainder of the laser pulse, the freed electron is accelerated back onto the molecular cation, removes a second electron and creates the acetylene dication, which rapidly dissociates into the proton and the C2H+ ion that are observed in the experiment.
"Independent excitation of vibrations of the molecule is insufficient to explain the experimental results. A prerequisite for the observed control is a quantum effect: the superposition of the symmetric and anti-symmetric stretching modes. As a consequence of that interference, a situation can be created where only one CH bond vibrates and the other one remains frozen.," explains Prof de Vivie-Riedle. "This type of shaking of the molecule leads to breaking of a particular CH bond. The laser waveform controls the direction into which the vibrational wave packet, which results from the superposition of the vibrational modes, moves once it is created on the acetylene dication.," adds Prof. Matthias Kling.
The researchers see the results of their studies as a proof-of-principle for a new quantum control mechanism. "The laser waveform control mechanism is very general and we foresee that it may be applied to other, more complex molecular processes.," says Prof. Ali Alnaser, who wants to continue research into this direction. He adds: "While we have excited the vibrations non-resonantly in our study, higher degrees of control can be reached with resonant excitation using ultrashort laser pulses in the mid-infrared. Such laser systems are currently being developed and pave the way to exploit the full potential of the new control scheme."


Source (More material inside): http://www.mpq.mpg.de/cms/mpq/news/press/14_05_08.html


Pertaining to the above research, it confirms that photon, or better said, Ballistic Photon is essentially the future of micro-projectile to gather the most minute data from element or chemical sources. If one goes by the two-photon excitation microscopy, though useless and completely out of my depth; it'll future delve into the use of 'qubits' in exploring the magnetism of single atoms or the magnetic anisotropy of an atom.

Not since Haroch and Wineland's Nobel prize, has a breakthrough been made as big as this, as if universities and institutions were equipped with this particular blueprint, there's no bounds to what collective research can uncover on this, completely blowing phonon counting out of the water.

Too bad optics is getting unnecessarily complicated as otherwise this breakthrough would have been made more than a year ago.

Field will get intensely competitive now.


Last edited by Arquitescu on Sat May 10, 2014 12:15 am; edited 1 time in total
Arquitecto
Arquitecto
World Class Contributor
World Class Contributor

Club Supported : Liverpool
Posts : 12675
Join date : 2011-06-05

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Tomwin Lannister Sat May 10, 2014 12:28 am

Does any of this stuff help when tracking and hunting large game in wooded areas? hmm
Tomwin Lannister
Tomwin Lannister
Ballon d'Or Contender
Ballon d'Or Contender

Club Supported : Juventus
Posts : 26892
Join date : 2011-06-05
Age : 84

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Arquitecto Sat May 10, 2014 12:38 am

Tomwin Lannister wrote:Does any of this stuff help when tracking and hunting large game in wooded areas? hmm

That's the funniest thing I've read all day and even more so cause I know you DO understand the gist of this whether interest or not you boondock hick.

Theoretically, it would only reduce the burn impact of the calibre bullet if not struck the heart or the stickiness from when separating meat from bone I.e hydrogen bonds.

But hunting should be done the old fashioned way. With a musket and lots of chewing tobacco for the wait. Proud
Arquitecto
Arquitecto
World Class Contributor
World Class Contributor

Club Supported : Liverpool
Posts : 12675
Join date : 2011-06-05

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Tomwin Lannister Sat May 10, 2014 12:58 am

Proud
Tomwin Lannister
Tomwin Lannister
Ballon d'Or Contender
Ballon d'Or Contender

Club Supported : Juventus
Posts : 26892
Join date : 2011-06-05
Age : 84

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by vizkosity Mon May 12, 2014 10:37 pm

lol, how is light as an electromagnetic field is hard to grasp? I thought it was painfully obvious with the maxwell equation and the wave equation.

Anyhow, quantum is hard to understand in general. I've studied about spin hall effect and topological insulator, as well as using dirac's equation to derive them....however, i can tell you that the class is hard even for phD students.


By the way, where did you go for physics? I just spent a year at University of Hong Kong and learned almost nothing in advanced quantum. Although I understand that the spin, entanglement, swinger's oscillation model and bell's inequality theorized quantum computing, but I still have trouble understanding the materials that they are using. Spin Hall effect is achieved in semi-conductors like topological insulators...their Hamiltonians are nasty as f*** though. I can't derive them at all from dirac's equation.
vizkosity
vizkosity
First Team
First Team

Club Supported : Marseille
Posts : 1065
Join date : 2012-05-04
Age : 32

Back to top Go down

Quantum Computers Coming Soon?  Empty Re: Quantum Computers Coming Soon?

Post by Sponsored content


Sponsored content


Back to top Go down

Back to top

- Similar topics

 
Permissions in this forum:
You cannot reply to topics in this forum